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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <!-- - Copyright (C) 2000-2021 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC") - - This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public - License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this - file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. --> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> <title>host</title> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"> <link rel="home" href="Bv9ARM.html" title="BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual"> <link rel="up" href="Bv9ARM.ch13.html" title="Manual pages"> <link rel="prev" href="man.genrandom.html" title="genrandom"> <link rel="next" href="man.isc-hmac-fixup.html" title="isc-hmac-fixup"> </head> <body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"> <div class="navheader"> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"> <tr><th colspan="3" align="center">host</th></tr> <tr> <td width="20%" align="left"> <a accesskey="p" href="man.genrandom.html">Prev</a>�</td> <th width="60%" align="center">Manual pages</th> <td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="man.isc-hmac-fixup.html">Next</a> </td> </tr> </table> <hr> </div> <div class="refentry"> <a name="man.host"></a><div class="titlepage"></div> <div class="refnamediv"> <h2>Name</h2> <p>host — DNS lookup utility</p> </div> <div class="refsynopsisdiv"> <h2>Synopsis</h2> <div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">host</code> [<code class="option">-aCdlnrsTUwv</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-N <em class="replaceable"><code>ndots</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-R <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>wait</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></code>] [[<code class="option">-4</code>] | [<code class="option">-6</code>]] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-V</code>] {name} [server]</p></div> </div> <div class="refsection"> <a name="id-1.14.19.7"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2> <p><span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> is a simple utility for performing DNS lookups. It is normally used to convert names to IP addresses and vice versa. When no arguments or options are given, <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> prints a short summary of its command line arguments and options. </p> <p><em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> is the domain name that is to be looked up. It can also be a dotted-decimal IPv4 address or a colon-delimited IPv6 address, in which case <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> will by default perform a reverse lookup for that address. <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> is an optional argument which is either the name or IP address of the name server that <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> should query instead of the server or servers listed in <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>. </p> </div> <div class="refsection"> <a name="id-1.14.19.8"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2> <div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"> <dt><span class="term">-4</span></dt> <dd><p> Use IPv4 only for query transport. See also the <code class="option">-6</code> option. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-6</span></dt> <dd><p> Use IPv6 only for query transport. See also the <code class="option">-4</code> option. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-a</span></dt> <dd><p> "All". The <code class="option">-a</code> option is normally equivalent to <code class="option">-v -t <code class="literal">ANY</code></code>. It also affects the behaviour of the <code class="option">-l</code> list zone option. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span></dt> <dd><p> Query class: This can be used to lookup HS (Hesiod) or CH (Chaosnet) class resource records. The default class is IN (Internet). </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-C</span></dt> <dd><p> Check consistency: <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> will query the SOA records for zone <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> from all the listed authoritative name servers for that zone. The list of name servers is defined by the NS records that are found for the zone. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-d</span></dt> <dd><p> Print debugging traces. Equivalent to the <code class="option">-v</code> verbose option. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-i</span></dt> <dd><p> Obsolete. Use the IP6.INT domain for reverse lookups of IPv6 addresses as defined in RFC1886 and deprecated in RFC4159. The default is to use IP6.ARPA as specified in RFC3596. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-l</span></dt> <dd> <p> List zone: The <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> command performs a zone transfer of zone <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> and prints out the NS, PTR and address records (A/AAAA). </p> <p> Together, the <code class="option">-l -a</code> options print all records in the zone. </p> </dd> <dt><span class="term">-N <em class="replaceable"><code>ndots</code></em></span></dt> <dd><p> The number of dots that have to be in <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> for it to be considered absolute. The default value is that defined using the ndots statement in <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>, or 1 if no ndots statement is present. Names with fewer dots are interpreted as relative names and will be searched for in the domains listed in the <span class="type">search</span> or <span class="type">domain</span> directive in <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></span></dt> <dd><p> Specify the port on the server to query. The default is 53. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-r</span></dt> <dd><p> Non-recursive query: Setting this option clears the RD (recursion desired) bit in the query. This should mean that the name server receiving the query will not attempt to resolve <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>. The <code class="option">-r</code> option enables <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> to mimic the behavior of a name server by making non-recursive queries and expecting to receive answers to those queries that can be referrals to other name servers. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-R <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em></span></dt> <dd><p> Number of retries for UDP queries: If <em class="parameter"><code>number</code></em> is negative or zero, the number of retries will default to 1. The default value is 1, or the value of the <em class="parameter"><code>attempts</code></em> option in <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>, if set. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-s</span></dt> <dd><p> Do <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> send the query to the next nameserver if any server responds with a SERVFAIL response, which is the reverse of normal stub resolver behavior. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></span></dt> <dd> <p> Query type: The <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> argument can be any recognized query type: CNAME, NS, SOA, TXT, DNSKEY, AXFR, etc. </p> <p> When no query type is specified, <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> automatically selects an appropriate query type. By default, it looks for A, AAAA, and MX records. If the <code class="option">-C</code> option is given, queries will be made for SOA records. If <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> is a dotted-decimal IPv4 address or colon-delimited IPv6 address, <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> will query for PTR records. </p> <p> If a query type of IXFR is chosen the starting serial number can be specified by appending an equal followed by the starting serial number (like <code class="option">-t <code class="literal">IXFR=12345678</code></code>). </p> </dd> <dt> <span class="term">-T, </span><span class="term">-U</span> </dt> <dd><p> TCP/UDP: By default, <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> uses UDP when making queries. The <code class="option">-T</code> option makes it use a TCP connection when querying the name server. TCP will be automatically selected for queries that require it, such as zone transfer (AXFR) requests. Type ANY queries default to TCP but can be forced to UDP initially using <code class="option">-U</code>. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></span></dt> <dd><p> Memory usage debugging: the flag can be <em class="parameter"><code>record</code></em>, <em class="parameter"><code>usage</code></em>, or <em class="parameter"><code>trace</code></em>. You can specify the <code class="option">-m</code> option more than once to set multiple flags. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-v</span></dt> <dd><p> Verbose output. Equivalent to the <code class="option">-d</code> debug option. Verbose output can also be enabled by setting the <em class="parameter"><code>debug</code></em> option in <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt> <dd><p> Print the version number and exit. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-w</span></dt> <dd><p> Wait forever: The query timeout is set to the maximum possible. See also the <code class="option">-W</code> option. </p></dd> <dt><span class="term">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>wait</code></em></span></dt> <dd> <p> Timeout: Wait for up to <em class="parameter"><code>wait</code></em> seconds for a reply. If <em class="parameter"><code>wait</code></em> is less than one, the wait interval is set to one second. </p> <p> By default, <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> will wait for 5 seconds for UDP responses and 10 seconds for TCP connections. These defaults can be overridden by the <em class="parameter"><code>timeout</code></em> option in <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>. </p> <p> See also the <code class="option">-w</code> option. </p> </dd> </dl></div> </div> <div class="refsection"> <a name="id-1.14.19.9"></a><h2>IDN SUPPORT</h2> <p> If <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> has been built with IDN (internationalized domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names. <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> appropriately converts character encoding of domain name before sending a request to DNS server or displaying a reply from the server. If you'd like to turn off the IDN support for some reason, defines the <code class="envar">IDN_DISABLE</code> environment variable. The IDN support is disabled if the variable is set when <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> runs. </p> </div> <div class="refsection"> <a name="id-1.14.19.10"></a><h2>FILES</h2> <p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code> </p> </div> <div class="refsection"> <a name="id-1.14.19.11"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2> <p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dig</span>(1)</span>, <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>. </p> </div> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <hr> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left"> <a accesskey="p" href="man.genrandom.html">Prev</a>�</td> <td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="Bv9ARM.ch13.html">Up</a></td> <td width="40%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="man.isc-hmac-fixup.html">Next</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top"> <span class="application">genrandom</span>�</td> <td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="Bv9ARM.html">Home</a></td> <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">�<span class="application">isc-hmac-fixup</span> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <p xmlns:db="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" style="text-align: center;">BIND 9.11.36 (Extended Support Version)</p> </body> </html>
